Snoring Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Snoring, including details on treatment, remedy, causes, prevention.

Determinants of Regional Cerebral Oxygenation in Children with Sleep Disordered Breathing.

Abou Khadra M, McConnell K, Vandyke R, Somers V, Fenchel M, Quadri S, Jefferies J, Cohen AP, Rutter M, Amin R

Department of Pediatrics, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Rationale An association between neurocognitive deficits and pediatric sleep disordered breathing has been suggested; however, weak correlations between disease severity and functional outcomes underscore the lack of knowledge regarding factors modulating cognitive morbidity of sleep disordered breathing. Objectives Identify the parameters affected by sleep disordered breathing which modulate cerebral oxygenation, an important determinant of cognition. Use these parameters with demographic data to develop a predictive statistical model of pediatric cerebral oxygenation. Methods Ninety two children (14 controls, 32 with primary snoring, and 46 with obstructive sleep apnea) underwent polysomnography with continuous monitoring of cerebral oxygenation and blood pressure. Analysis of covariance was used to relate the blood pressure, sleep diagnostic parameters, and demographic characteristics to regional cerebral oxygenation. Measurements and Main Results To account for anatomic variability, an index of cerebral oxygenation during sleep was derived by referencing the measurement obtained during sleep to that obtained during wakefulness. In a repeated measures model predicting the index of cerebral oxygenation, mean arterial pressure, REM sleep, female gender, age and oxygen saturation had a positive effect on cerebral oxygenation levels, whereas arousal index and NREM sleep had a negative effect. Conclusion Increasing mean arterial pressure, age, oxygen saturation and rapid eye movement sleep augment cerebral oxygenation while sleep disordered breathing, male gender, arousal index and non-rapid eye movement sleep diminish it. The proposed model may explain the sources of variability in cognitive function of children with sleep disordered breathing.

Published 28 July 2008 in Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
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Articles on Snoring published 25 July 2008:

The Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome on Sick Leave and Work Disability.   Eur Respir J.

The objective of the present study was to examine the independent contribution of symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) on long-term sick leave and permanent work disability.Using a historical cohort design with four years follow-up, information on sick leave and disability benefit recipiency were merged with health information from the Hordaland Health Study in Western Norway, 1997-99. 7028 persons aged 40-45, were assessed for self-reported symptoms of OSAS (snoring, breathing ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Snoring published 24 July 2008:

Driving in Europe: the need of a common policy for drivers with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.   J Sleep Res.

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA) increases the risk of motor vehicle crashes, and of all medical disorders, has greatest risk in this respect. There is no consistency in the way OSA is considered by the national 'Physical Fitness to Drive' legislations within the 27 member countries of the European Union (EU), and most ignore OSA. This is further reflected by the absence of any reference to OSA in Annex III of the Directive 91/439/EEC, harmonizing Driving License regulations in the EU. A ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Comparison of manual titration and automatic titration based on forced oscillation technique, flow and snoring in obstructive sleep apnea.   Sleep Med.

BACKGROUND: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) requires pressure titration usually performed during attended in-hospital polysomnography. This manual titration procedure is not well standardized. The aim of the study was to ascertain whether a new automatic titration device is as effective as standard manual titration in determining constant CPAP pressure. METHODS: We included 38 patients with a newly diagnosed OSAS. Participants were ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Snoring published 21 July 2008:

Supraglottoplasty for Laryngomalacia With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.   Laryngoscope.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS:: To determine if supraglottoplasty (SGP) is effective in reversing abnormal respiratory parameters in children with laryngomalacia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). STUDY DESIGN:: Retrospective case series at a tertiary referral children's hospital. METHODS:: Ten patients with laryngomalacia and OSA as documented by polysomnography underwent SGP between 2005 and 2007. Data collected included age, findings on flexible and rigid endoscopy, type of procedure performed, and ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Snoring published 18 July 2008:

Sleep Duration and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Postmenopausal Women.   Stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many studies have shown a U-shape association between sleep duration and mortality, but epidemiological evidence linking cardiovascular diseases with habitual sleep patterns is limited and mixed. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study on 93 175 older women (aged 50 to 79 years) in the Women's Health Initiative Observational study cohort to examine the risk of ischemic stroke in relation to self-reported sleep duration. Cox models were used to investigate the putative ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Snoring published 16 July 2008:

Sleep-disordered breathing and quality of life of railway drivers in Greece.   Chest, 134(1): 79-86.

BACKGROUND: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are associated with daytime sleepiness and an increased risk for motor vehicle crashes. Previous studies have assessed the prevalence of OSA among professional drivers, but no study so far has focused on railway drivers. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SDB among Greek railway drivers, and correlate it with daytime sleepiness, quality of life, and symptoms. METHODS: The following three ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Snoring published 11 July 2008:

Long-term effects of pharyngeal flaps on the upper airways of subjects with velopharyngeal insufficiency.   Cleft Palate Craniofac J, 45(4): 364-70.

Objectives: To investigate the long-term effects of pharyngeal flap surgery (PFS) on nasal and nasopharyngeal dimensions of patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) and to correlate the findings with the onset of respiratory complaints after surgery. Design/Participants: Prospective study in 58 nonsyndromic patients with repaired cleft palate and VPI, evaluated 2 days before and 5 months (POST1) and 1 year (POST2) after PFS, on average. Patients were divided into two groups: one ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Snoring published 10 July 2008:

Hypertonic saline injections to enhance the radiofrequency thermal ablation effect in the treatment of base of tongue in obstructive sleep apnoea patients: a pilot study.   Acta Otolaryngol.

Conclusion. Hypertonic saline (HS) infiltration in the base of the tongue (BOT) in multilevel radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment was followed by significant acute complications in terms of soft tissue swelling. Three patients were defined as cured. No significant changes in the measured parameters were encountered, although, several of them showed a clear trend. New treatment modalities are needed to keep multilevel RFA treatment as a minimally invasive procedure. Objectives. To assess the ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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